True replicas: its all in the trimming...

Jingdezhen is famous for it's super thin refined porcelain. This is why it was so much wanted and desired all around the world. Why the emperial kilns where in Jingdezhen for the exclusive production for the bowls, dishes and objects for the emperor in the forbidden city. I alway asumed that this insane thinness was achieved by throwing. But its not. its all in the trimming! Trimming is the process after the throwing, when the pots are placed on a spinning wheel and trimmed with special tools till they are so thin that the are almost translucent and as smouth as a shell...This same process is now being used to make my true replicas.

Processing scans into 3D models (take 1), Kotryna Valečkaitė

Comparison of image processing software 1

Directly after receiving the scans on Tuesday we jumped into processing them into 3D models. To keep it clear we used “Hagrid”(obj. 5) as an example for all of the programs.
As noted in the previous post, this process has multiple steps and in order to gain the highest level of detail, a lot of tweaking is necessary.
The usual procedure goes as follows:
(0. Changing the .ima or .dcm files into program compatible format. Most of our scans were made in .dcm format which was not compatible with multiple programs: so far we tried RenameMaster, which did not work)

1. Loading the .dcm or .ima files into a 3D processing program. These file formats actually contain only 2D information: the sections of the object. In other words, the 3D model is an interpretation of multiple sections and therefore steps between them might be visible, if the resolution is not high enough.
2. Selecting threshold and filtering the right information. Depending on the program this step might be automatized. If not, it might be very heavy on your computer. Therefore, a device with a good graphics card and 16GB RAM is advised (it would work on 6 or 8GB RAM, but it goes slow and tends to crash often).
3. Loading the 3D file into a volume renderer to get an editable mesh (.stl). 

To begin with, we started with Seg3D. This program did not want to read .dcm files, thus we only worked with test files, which were in .ima format. The interface was clear, but to extract minuscule details it needed a lot of filtering and playing with histograms. That was extremely hard on our computers (6-8GB RAM, 2.0-2.03GHz) and took over an hour to get a decent file. Moreover, the final result is given in .nrrd format which later has to be translated to .stl with the help of ImageVis3D. The file looked rather detailed in Seg3D, but the final .stl was worthless.

Later on, we received a tutorial from an past student of our supervisor Maaike. It suggested using DeVide. Unlike the previous program this one works on the basis of visual programming. Thus all of the steps can be easily retraced. This program can directly export to .stl reducing the possibility of getting a very rigid mesh, like with Seg3D. Unfortunately, the program did not want to work on our computers.
After this failure we contacted one of the researchers in the faculty of Industrial Design Engineering. He adviced to try out the following programs:

1. 3D slicer (open source)
2. Avizo (paid, evaluation copy available after contacting the firm)
3. Mimics (paid, evaluation copy available after contacting the firm)

The first of the list (3Dslicer) proved to be very user friendly (although it did not read the .dcm files). The information is collected automatically after choosing a preset and is quite precise. One can also select if to smooth the surface: both outputs are interesting in form, with the edgy one as an expressive interpretation of a kitschy object of the past. If used for the final product, more mesh post-processing is necessary



To be continued…

Making Choises, by Jorinde Smits

Posted  by Jorinde Smits

We had to make some choices since there were  a lot of bowls, plates, hair brushes and other ceramics. To distinguish them we gave them names. We joked about ‘Harry Pottery’ and decided to choose the names from Harry Potter characters. We based our choices at differences of advantages and interesting characteristics. Since we didn’t know how much time it would take to digitalise the cups and plates, we numbered them in order of importance.
We took in account the different types of advantages.

1. Holes
   To make the cups useful again, we need to fix the holes.
2. Details
   Some cups like Harmione and Hagrid have some nice details. Since the CT scanner is not that accurate we have to find other solutions for bringing those details back.
3. Fixing techniques
   There are different ways used for fixing the objects. How can we translate those methods in our new design?

We decided to exclude the hair brushes in our process, because it has nothing to do with tableware.
1. Harry
Bowl with interesting holes the missing shards left. Diameter of +/- 15 centimeters.

2. Hermione
This one has some nice decorations. Diameter of +/- 12 centimeters.
 

3. Ron
Here the advantage is to replace the three separate shards. Diameter of +/- 18 centimeters.

4. Ginny
Small plate. Missing a piece and two repaired cracks. Diameter of +/- 15 centimeters.


5. Hagrid
Kind of fruit bowl with lid. It has nails and glue as fixing methods. The cracks are really fragile, but as good as complete. Diameter of +/- 25 centimeters.


6. Dobby
We liked this small cup because of its small hole. Diameter of 5 centimeters.


7. Snape
This one is familiar to Hagrid, but much smaller. The one defect is the bottom which is fixed. The cup is complete. Diameter +/- 15 centimeters.
 

Minor Advanced Prototyping: lets get started!

Welcome to the logbook of the research project Augmenting Prototypes: Smart Replicas. This project is a part of half year bachelor program “Advanced prototyping” in TU Delft.
Smart Replicas is the result of a collaboration between Archaeological department Amsterdam and design studio Maaike Roozenburg. The latter supervises 4 students preparing material for this blog: Kotryna Val (Architecture), Sander Pliakis (Industrial Design), Jorinde Smitser (Industrial Design), Irene(Industrial Design).
The focus of the project is the usage of CT scans to recreate and analyse repaired and/or unusable archaeological findings of everyday use.The aim of this is to replicate and improve given objects, while not losing the historical footprint. In other words, the blog will revolve on modern techniques of digital and physical reproduction.
The simplified planning will follow the scheme provided below. Each set of steps will be described in a weekly report, which will complimented with an occasional review of the field.

Objecten selecteren: gerepareerd gebruiksgoed

De tweede groep van geselecteerde objecten bestaat uit gerepareerd gebruiksgoed, uit willekeurig welke periode. Juist in de vindingrijke, aandachtige en vaak arbeidsintensieve manieren waarop mensen in het verleden gebruiksgoed repareerden is hun liefde voor bepaalde voorwerpen af te lezen. Daarnaast toont dit ook heel mooi wat de waarde van voorwerpen was en dat de arbeid die gestoken werd in de reparatie blijkbaar op woog tegen de kosten van een nieuw schoteltje, kam of kopje. Deze reparaties vormen een interessant uitgangspunt om in 3D scans en 3D prototypen te ‘vangen’ en te tonen.

reconstructing the past: contructing stories

The last months animator Jasper Duivenstijn has started woring on the '3D construction' of the stories behind the 17th century Japanese teacup. He has been using all kind of historical 'sources' like paintings, ceramic plates, maps, the model of a ship or tableware form a broad variety of national and international museums. The first screenshots can be seen here, with the related 'sources' from the collection of Rijks Museum Amsterdam:

3D 'reconstruction' by Jasper Duivenstijn

3D 'reconstruction' by Jasper Duivenstijn

  Gezicht op de Gouden Bocht in de Herengracht vanuit het westen, Gerrit Adriaensz. Berckheyde, 1672

 

Amsterdamse grachtenhuizen aan de Herengracht 474-478,  Cornelis Danckerts (II), 1696 - 1706

Smart replicas in boek: Printing Things: Visions and Essentials for 3D Printing

Smart replicas en haar proces zijn opgenomen in het boek: Printing Things: Visions and Essentials for 3D Printing. van uitgeverij Gestalten.
Printing Things: Visions and Essentials for 3D printing

3D scnannen/3D printen en AR samen met conservator Alexandra van Dongen

microprototypes by Mareco prototyping

microprototypes by Mareco prototyping

Smart Replica's in Design Column #4 in Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen

Op dit moment is een deel van het project Smart Replica's te zien als onderdeel van Design Column #4 in Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen. U bent allen van harte uitgenodigd!
Design Column #4 

'Kitchen review' van Smart Replica's tijdens OBJECT Rotterdam

OBJECT ROTTERDAM FROM 7-10 FEBRUARY 2013 IN THE NAI 

New location for Rotterdam design fair OBJECT Rotterdam is the fair for contemporary design which takes place during Art Rotterdam. This year, OBJECT will be held for the first time in the Netherlands Architecture Institute (NAi) which is part of The New Institute. The upcoming edition of OBJECT Rotterdam takes place from 7 to 10 February 2013.

ADDRESS AND OPENING TIMES 

Netherlands Architecture Institute (The New Institute), 
Museumpark 25, Rotterdam, The Netherlands 
Wednesday 6 February, 5 – 6 p.m., press preview by invitation 
Wednesday 6 February, 6 – 10 p.m., opening party by invitation 
Thursday 7 February, 10 a.m. – 6 p.m. 
Friday 8 February 10 a.m. – 9 p.m., evening opening 
Saturday 9 and Sunday 10 February 11 a.m. – 6 p.m. 

Entrance 5 euros (10 euros including a visit to the NAi)


Object Rotterdam 2013 

MULTIDISCIPLINARY 

OBJECT Rotterdam presents limited editions and one-offs at the cutting edge of design, crafts, fashion, architecture and the visual arts. The fair exhibits the work of national and international, established and up and coming designers from various design disciplines and using a wide range of materials. OBJECT Rotterdam is the place for collectors, professionals and other design enthusiasts. The NAi is part of The New Institute for architecture, design and e-culture, which strengthens the interaction between different design disciplines. Anne van der Zwaag, the director of OBJECT Rotterdam, explains: “This location provides OBJECT with a very interesting context. It promises to be an exciting fair in a dynamic place and a special building.” Rotterdam based Superuse Studios, formerly 2012Architecten, is in charge of the exhibition design.

A FIRST

Maaike Roozenburg and Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Smart replica's.

Galleries, design institutes and independent designers participate in OBJECT Rotterdam. This edition presents the work of established designers such as Richard Hutten via Gallery Judy Straten and Tejo Remy,represented by the Industry Gallery from Washington. Industry Gallery is exhibiting the special Nijntje collection which Atelier Remy & Veenhuizen designed for the Centraal Museum in Utrecht. CeramicistMaaike Roozenburg is also introducing a collection in cooperation with a museum, the Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam. Her series of crockery, based on historical examples, will be shown to the public for the first time during OBJECT. The jewelry designer Dinie Besems is also exhibiting a new project in which she takes part herself!

ABK Maastricht - Building Bytes - Dinie Besems - Eefje Wijnings - Femke de Vries - Floris Hovers - Galerie Judy Straten - Hosun Ching - Industry Gallery - Joeny Veldhuyzen van Zanten - Jolein Jeursen - Kim De Ruysscher - Kirstie van Noort | Rogier Arents - Lina-Marie Koeppen - Lio de Bruin - Lizan Freijsen - New Duivendrecht - Pastoe | Scheltens & Abbenes - Rhode Island School of Design - Rietveld Academy Amsterdam - Roos Gomperts - Sandberg Institute Amsterdam - Studio MKGK - Studio Maaike Roozenburg | Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen - Superuse Studios - Tjeerd Veenhoven - Wandschappen | Christien Meindertsma - We Like Art Walls - ZWARD - Zetel - rENs

http://www.objectrotterdam.com/en/home/

wat vooraf ging: Loosdrechts porselein tot leven wekken, een experiment(3)

Gedurende 5 weken hebben 4 studenten van de TU Delft, Industrial Design en Architecture gewerkt aan experimenten met markers in en op porselein en Augmented reality. Hieronder een kleine sellectie:

3D print van suikerpot voorzien van AR marker in relief

mal met gegoten porselein mer AR marker in de 'ziel'

porseleinen replica van suikerpot met AR marker

porseleinen replica van suikerpot met afbeelding als AR marker

wat vooraf ging: Vindplaats Delft, een collectie bekers(2)

proefscan van 17e eeuwse roemer in CT-Scanner TU Delft

'screendump' van proefscan van 17e eeuwse roemer in CT-Scanner TU Delft

Het gaat in dit project niet om het maken van replica’s. Ik wil de opgegraven objecten gebruiken als basis voor nieuw design. De kwaliteit en schoonheid van de vorm opnieuw laten spreken. Deze bekers vertellen een verhaal, maar zijn geen geschiedenisboek of didactische les. Het zijn in de eerste plaats mooie bekers, die er opvallend ‘modern’ uit zien. Pas op het tweede gezicht is te zien waar ze vandaan komen, hoe oud ze zijn en waar ze gevonden zijn. De bekers dragen zo een verhaal over de historie van ons gebruiksgoed en verbinden haar met onze hedendaagse keuken- en eettafel.

Door middel van zeer recent ontwikkelde technische apparatuur is het mogelijk objecten 3D te scannen en ook 3D te printen. Door middel van deze high tech methodes is het mogelijk om historische en/of breekbare objecten ‘zonder aanraken’ te reproduceren. Deze techniek kan gecombineerd worden met traditionele keramische technieken zodat nieuwe ontwerpen kunnen worden gemaakt met gebruik van deze oude vormen. In samenwerking met de faculteit Industrieel Ontwerpen van de Technische Universiteit Delft zijn experimenten gedaan en is het project in twee fases uitgevoerd.

De eerste fase van het project bestond uit technisch onderzoek. Niemand heeft ooit eerder geprobeerd 3D scans te maken van 17e eeuws glaswerk. Er moest dus eerst onderzocht worden hoe dit zou moeten en of dit geen schade aan het glaswerk zou opleveren. Daartoe zijn gesprekken gevoerd met verschillende archeologen met expertise op het gebied van historisch glaswerk. Vervolgens heeft Erfgoed Delft e.o vakteam Archeologie 17^e eeuws glaswerk uit het depot ter beschikking gesteld voor het maken van ‘proefscans’. Deze zijn uitgevoerd op verschillende 3D scanners van de TU Delft. Het beste resultaat werd behaald op een ‘medische’ CT scanner. Deze maakt met behulp van röntgenstraling honderden dwars doorsneden van het glaswerk die vervolgens in de computer weer kunnen worden bewerkt tot een 3D object. Hiermee was de technische haalbaarheid van het project bewezen.

het scannen van 17e eeuwse Knobbelbeker in CT-scanner Tu Delft foto: Sam Rentmeester